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Aerobic training is characterized by its reliance on oxygen as a primary energy source during exercise. This type of exercise involves prolonged, moderate-intensity activities such as running, cycling, swimming, or walking, where the body utilizes oxygen to help convert carbohydrates and fats into energy. The emphasis on sustained activity over longer periods means that the cardiovascular and respiratory systems are engaged to supply oxygen to the muscles.

In contrast, resistance training primarily focuses on improving strength and muscle mass through short bursts of high-intensity efforts, where energy is derived from anaerobic sources rather than relying primarily on oxygen. Plyometric training involves explosive movements that also favor anaerobic energy systems, and isometric training consists of muscle contractions without significant movement, which typically does not require oxygen in the same way aerobic exercise does. Therefore, aerobic training is the clear choice when discussing exercise programs that predominantly utilize oxygen for energy.